The recruitment function of the
organizations is affected and governed by a mix of various internal and
external forces. The internal forces or factors are the factors that can be
controlled by the organization. And the external factors are those factors
which cannot be controlled by the organization.
The internal factors that
affect an organization’s recruitment functions and can be controlled by the
organization are:
Recruitment policy:- The recruitment policy of an organization
specifies the objectives of recruitment and provides a framework for
implementation of recruitment programme. It may involve organizational system to
be developed for implementing recruitment programmes and procedures by filling
up vacancies with best qualified people. Factors affecting recruitment
policy-
·
Organizational objectives
·
Personnel policies of the organization and its competitors
·
Government policies on reservations.
·
Preferred sources of recruitment.
·
Need of the organization
·
Recruitment costs and financial implications.
Human resource planning:- Effective human resource planning
helps in determining the gaps present in the existing manpower of the
organization. It also helps in determining the number of employees to be
recruited and what qualification they must possess.
Size of the firm :- The size of the firm is an important
factor in recruitment process. If the organization is planning to increase its
operations and expand its business, it will think of hiring more personnel,
which will handle its operations.
Cost :- Recruitment incur cost to the employer, therefore,
organizations try to employ that source of recruitment which will bear a lower
cost of recruitment to the organization for each candidate.
Growth and expansion :- Organization
will employ or think of employing more personnel if it is expanding it’s
operations.
External
factors
The external forces are the forces which cannot be controlled by
the organization. The major external forces are:
Supply and demand : The availability of manpower both
within and outside the organization is an important determinant in the
recruitment process. If the company has a demand for more professionals and
there is limited supply in the market for the professionals demanded by the
company, then the company will have to depend upon internal sources by
providing them special training and development programs.
Labor market
Employment conditions in the community where the organization is
located with Influence the recruiting efforts of the organization. If there is
surplus of manpower at the time of recruitment, even informal attempts at the
time of recruiting like notice boards display of the requisition or
announcement in the meeting etc will attract more than enough applicants.
Organizational Image
Image of the employer can work as a potential constraint for
recruitment. An organization with positive image and goodwill as an employer
finds it easier to attract and retain employees than an organization with
negative image. Image of a company is based on what organization does and
affected by industry. For example finance was taken up by fresher MBA’s when
many finance companies were coming up.
Political-social- legal environment
Various government regulations prohibiting discrimination in
hiring and employment have direct impact on recruitment practices. For example,
government of india has introduced legislation for reservation in employment for
scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, physically handicapped etc. Also, trade
unions play important role in recruitment. This restricts management freedom to
select those individuals who it believes would be the best performers. If the
candidate can’t meet criteria stipulated by the union but union regulations can
restrict recruitment sources.
Unemployment rate
One of the factors that influence the availability of applicants
is the growth of the economy (whether economy is growing or not and its rate). When
the company is not creating new jobs, there is often oversupply of qualified
labour which in turn leads to unemployment.
Competitors
The
recruitment policies of the competitors also affect the recruitment function of
the organizations. To face the competition, many a times the organizations have
to change their recruitment policies according to the policies being followed
by the competitors
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